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Petelet-Giraud, E.; Négrel, P.; Aunay, B.; Ladouche, B.; Bailly-Comte, V.; Guerrot, C.; Flehoc, C.; Pezard, P.; Lofi, J.; Dörfliger, N. |
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Title |
Coastal groundwater salinization: Focus on the vertical variability in a multi-layered aquifer through a multi-isotope fingerprinting (Roussillon Basin, France) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
566-567 |
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Pages |
398-415 |
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Keywords |
Groundwater salinization, Coastal aquifer, Roussillon Basin, Isotopes, Westbay System, Barcarès and Canet sites |
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Abstract |
The Roussillon sedimentary Basin (South France) is a complex multi-layered aquifer, close to the Mediterranean Sea facing seasonally increases of water abstraction and salinization issues. We report geochemical and isotopic vertical variability in this aquifer using groundwater sampled with a Westbay System® at two coastal monitoring sites: Barcarès and Canet. The Westbay sampling allows pointing out and explaining the variation of water quality along vertical profiles, both in productive layers and in the less permeable ones where most of the chemical processes are susceptible to take place. The aquifer layers are not equally impacted by salinization, with electrical conductivity ranging from 460 to 43,000μS·cm−1. The δ2H–δ18O signatures show mixing between seawater and freshwater components with long water residence time as evidenced by the lack of contribution from modern water using 3H, 14C and CFCs/SF6. S(SO4) isotopes also evidence seawater contribution but some signatures can be related to oxidation of pyrite and/or organically bounded S. In the upper layers 87Sr/86Sr ratios are close to that of seawater and then increase with depth, reflecting water–rock interaction with argillaceous formations while punctual low values reflect interaction with carbonate. Boron isotopes highlight secondary processes such as adsorption/desorption onto clays in addition to mixings. At the Barcarès site (120m deep), the high salinity in some layers appear to be related neither to present day seawater intrusion, nor to Salses-Leucate lagoonwater intrusion. Groundwater chemical composition thus highlights binary mixing between fresh groundwater and inherited salty water together with cation exchange processes, water–rock interactions and, locally, sedimentary organic matter mineralisation probably enhanced by pyrite oxidation. Finally, combining the results of this study and those of Caballero and Ladouche (2015), we discuss the possible future evolution of this aquifer system under global change, as well as the potential management strategies needed to preserve quantitatively and qualitatively this water resource. |
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0048-9697 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Peteletgiraud2016398 |
Serial |
181 |
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Author |
Qi, H.; Ma, C.; He, Z.; Hu, X.; Gao, L. |
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Title |
Lithium and its isotopes as tracers of groundwater salinization: A study in the southern coastal plain of Laizhou Bay, China |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
The Science of the Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Total Environ |
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650 |
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Pt 1 |
Pages |
878-890 |
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Keywords |
Brine and seawater intrusion; Groundwater salinization; Hydrochemistry; Lithium isotope; Southern coastal plain of Laizhou Bay |
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Abstract |
In the southern coastal plain of Laizhou Bay, due to intensive exploitation of groundwater since the early 1970s, the shallow aquifer has been severely influenced by saltwater intrusion, which causes the extraction to shift from shallow to deeper aquifer changing the hydrogeological condition greatly. This study was conducted to investigate the groundwater salinization using hydrochemistry and H, O and Li isotope data. Dissolved Li shows a linear correlation with Cl and Br in seawater, brine and saline groundwater indicating the marine Li source, whereas the enrichment of Li in surface water, brackish and fresh groundwater is impacted by dissolution of silicate minerals. The analyses of hydrochemistry and isotopes (H, O and Li) indicate that brine originated from seawater evaporation, followed by mixing processes and some water-rock interactions; shallow saline groundwater originated from brine diluted with seawater and fresh groundwater; deep saline groundwater originated from seawater intrusion. The negative correlation of δ(7)Li and Li/Na in surface water, brackish and fresh groundwater is contrary to the general conclusion, indicating the slow weathering of silicate minerals and hydraulic interaction between surface water and shallow groundwater in this area. The analyses of hydrochemistry and isotopes (Li, H and O) can well identify the salinity sources and isotope fractionation in groundwater flow and mixing, especially groundwater with high TDS. As both mixing with saltwater and isotope fractionation can explain the combination of high δ(7)Li and low TDS in brackish groundwater, isotope fractionation may limit their use in recognizing salinity sources of groundwater with low TDS. |
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School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China |
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0048-9697 |
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PMID:30308862 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ |
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184 |
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Zhao, Q.; Su, X.; Kang, B.; Zhang, Y.; Wu, X.; Liu, M. |
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A hydrogeochemistry and multi-isotope (Sr, O, H, and C) study of groundwater salinity origin and hydrogeochemcial processes in the shallow confined aquifer of northern Yangtze River downstream coastal plain, China |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Applied Geochemistry |
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86 |
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49-58 |
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Keywords |
Coastal confined groundwater, Salinity, Hydrogeochemcial processes, Multiple environmental tracers |
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Abstract |
Economically developed coastal areas have a high water demand, and their groundwater resources can be threatened by salinization. Many methods and tracers have been used to discriminate the source of salinization because a single method does not yield reliable results. In this paper, the shallow confined coastal plain aquifer, north of the downstream Yangtze River in China, is used as a case study to investigate the origin of the salinity and the relevant geochemical processes for this aquifer. Multiple environmental tracers of major ions, minor ions (Br−, I−), and isotopes (18O, 2H, 13C, 87Sr, 3H, 14C) were used so as to provide reliable conclusions. The TDS distribution of the aquifer has an increasing trend, from below 500 mg/L in the inland areas to more than 20,000 mg/L around the southeast coastline. The water chemical type evolves from HCO3-Ca to Cl-Na as the TDS increases. The results suggest that the groundwater salinity is influenced by seawater intrusion. The seawater proportions in the groundwater samples range from 0.07% to 94.41% and show the same spatial distribution pattern as TDS. The 3H and 14C values show that the highest salinity was mainly caused by a seawater transgression around 6000a B.P. The aquifer is also affected by other hydrogeochemical processes: base exchange has enriched Ca2+ and depleted K+ and Na+, sulfate reduction has reduced the concentration of SO42− and enriched HCO3−, and iodine-rich organic matter decomposition has enriched the concentration of I−. The iodine enrichment also suggests paleo-seawater intrusion. In addition, the precipitation of carbonate minerals has decreased the concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, and HCO3−, albeit to a limited extent. |
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0883-2927 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Zhao201749 |
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182 |
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El Mandour, A.; El Yaouti, F.; Fakir, Y.; Zarhloule, Y.; Benavente, J. |
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Evolution of groundwater salinity in the unconfined aquifer of Bou-Areg, Northeastern Mediterranean coast, Morocco |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Environmental Geology |
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54 |
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3 |
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491-503 |
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Unconfined aquifer, Groundwater salinity, Seawater intrusion, Nitrate pollution, Lagoon, Morocco Bou-Areg |
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Abstract |
The Bou-Areg plain in the Mediterranean coast at the North-eastern of Morocco is characterized by a semiarid climate. The aquifer consists of two sedimentary formations of Plio-quaternary age: the upper formation of fine silts and the lower one of coarse silts with sand and gravels. The aquifer is underlain by marly bedrock of Miocene age that dips toward the coastal lagoon of Bou-Areg. The
hydrodynamic characteristics vary between 10–4 and 10–3 m/s; and transmissivities range between 10–4 and 10–1 m2 /s. The general direction of flow is SW to NE, toward the lagoon. The aquifer is crossed by the river Selouane, which also ends in the lagoon. The groundwater is characterized by a high salinity that can reach 7.5 g/l. The highest values are observed in the upstream and in the downstream sectors of the aquifer. The temporal evolution of the physicochemical parameters depends on the climatic conditions and
piezometric variations. The analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of the physico-chemical parameters suggests different sources of groundwater salinization: the seawater intrusion, the influence of marly gypsum-bearing terrains, and the influence of anthropogenic products as the agricultural fertilizers, which cause great nitrate concentrations that vary between 80 and 140 mg/l. |
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Springer |
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0943-0105 |
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THL @ luqianxue.zhang @ ElMandour2008 |
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44 |
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Siarkos, I.; Latinopoulos, P. |
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Modeling seawater intrusion in overexploited aquifers in the absence of sufficient data: application to the aquifer of Nea Moudania, northern Greece |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Hydrogeology Journal |
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Hydrogeology J. |
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24 |
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2123–2141 |
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Groundwater flow, Seawater intrusion, Numerical modeling, Greece, Sensitivity analysis |
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In many coastal areas, overexploitation of groundwater resources has led both to the quantitative degradation of local aquifers and the deterioration of groundwater quality due to seawater intrusion. To investigate the behavior of coastal aquifers under these conditions, numerical modeling is usually implemented; however, the proper implementation of numerical models requires a large amount of data, which are often not available due to the time-consuming and costly process of obtaining them. In the present study, the investigation of the behavior of coastal aquifers under the lack of adequate data is
attempted by developing a methodological framework consisting of a series of numerical simulations: a steady-state, a false-transient and a transient simulation. The sequence and the connection between these simulations constitute the backbone of the whole procedure aimed at adjusting the various
model parameters, as well as obtaining the initial conditions for the transient simulation. The validity of the proposed methodology is tested through evaluation of the model calibration procedure and the estimation of the simulation errors (mean error, mean absolute error, root mean square error, mean relative error) using the case of Nea Moudania basin, northern Greece. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is performed in order to minimize the error estimates and thus to maximize the reliability of the models. The results of the whole procedure affirm the proper implementation of the developed methodology under specific conditions and assumptions due to the lack of sufficient data, while they give a clear picture of the aquifer’s quantitative and qualitative status. |
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Ilias Siarkos: isiarkos@civil.auth.gr; Pericles Latinopoulos latin@civil.auth.gr |
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School of Civil Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR54124 Thessaloniki, Greece |
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IAH |
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Springer |
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English |
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1431-2174 |
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Hydrogeology; groundwater modelling, sea water intrusion |
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yes |
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MGRE @ redha.menani @ |
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52 |
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