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| Author |
Kafri, U.; Goldman, M.; Lyakhovsky, V.; Scholl, C.; Helwig, S.; Tezkan, B. |
| Title |
The configuration of the fresh–saline groundwater interface within the regional Judea Group carbonate aquifer in northern Israel between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea base levels as delineated by deep geoelectromagnetic soundings |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of Hydrology |
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| Volume |
344 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
123-134 |
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A combined high resolution short offset transient electromagnetic (SHOTEM) and deep sounding, long offset (LOTEM) survey has been carried out along two traverses between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan-Dead Sea Rift (DSR). The DSR is located in the study area some 200–250m below sea level. The measurements detected a deep conductor, the top of which exhibited a regular behavior along the both traverses, declining from the Mediterranean to the DSR base level. The geometry of this geoelectric boundary coincides fairly well with the configuration of a supposed fresh/saline groundwater interface as also obtained by both numerical and physical modeling for the known hydrogeological conditions in the study area. Therefore the detected geoelectric boundary is identified with the interface, supporting the hypothesis of current seawater intrusion into the deep regional aquifers between the Mediterranean and the DSR base levels. The intrusion causes the salination of fresh groundwater within the aquifers as well as the salination of the Sea of Galilee. |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Kafri2007 |
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27 |
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Karistineos, N.; Ioakim, C. |
| Title |
Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic evolution of the serres basin (N. Greece) during the miocene |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |
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70 |
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1-3 |
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275-285 |
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The palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic evolution of the Serres basin from the end of mid-Miocene to the end of the Miocene is examined. Lignites were deposited over a thick sequence of conglomerates and sands. Fossils found in the lignites indicate a lacustrine environment with tropical-subtropical climatic conditions. The climate became progressively drier and only small lakes were reserved during the Messinian salinity crisis. Deposition of lake sediments finally ended with the world-wide Pliocene marine transgression. A correlation of the Serres basin with other lacustrine basins in the Aegean area is attempted. |
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Elsevier |
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0031-0182 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Karistineos1989 |
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28 |
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Llopis-Albert, C.; Merigó, J.M.; Xu, Y. |
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A coupled stochastic inverse/sharp interface seawater intrusion approach for coastal aquifers under groundwater parameter uncertainty |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Hydrology |
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540 |
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Pages |
774-783 |
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This paper presents an alternative approach to deal with seawater intrusion problems, that overcomes some of the limitations of previous works, by coupling the well-known SWI2 package for MODFLOW with a stochastic inverse model named GC method. On the one hand, the SWI2 allows a vertically integrated variable-density groundwater flow and seawater intrusion in coastal multi-aquifer systems, and a reduction in number of required model cells and the elimination of the need to solve the advective-dispersive transport equation, which leads to substantial model run-time savings. On the other hand, the GC method allows dealing with groundwater parameter uncertainty by constraining stochastic simulations to flow and mass transport data (i.e., hydraulic conductivity, freshwater heads, saltwater concentrations and travel times) and also to secondary information obtained from expert judgment or geophysical surveys, thus reducing uncertainty and increasing reliability in meeting the environmental standards. The methodology has been successfully applied to a transient movement of the freshwater-seawater interface in response to changing freshwater inflow in a two-aquifer coastal aquifer system, where an uncertainty assessment has been carried out by means of Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The approach also allows partially overcoming the neglected diffusion and dispersion processes after the conditioning process since the uncertainty is reduced and results are closer to available data. |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Llopis-Albert2016 |
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30 |
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Magaritz, M.; Nadler, A.; Kafri, U.; Arad, A. |
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Hydrogeochemistry of continental brackish waters in the southern Coastal Plain, Israel |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Chemical Geology |
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42 |
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1 |
Pages |
159-176 |
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The southern Coastal Plain in Israel incorportates a transitional fringe of the desert in which three different chemical types of groundwater are found: (1) near-surface waters from springs along the Besor River course: (2) shallow- to moderate-depth waters from the slightly westward-dipping Pleistocene coastal aquifer (this aquifer, which consists of sandstone layers of the Kurkar Group, is recharged in the Coastal Plain); and (3) deep waters of the westward-dipping Upper Cretaceous Judea Group carbonates, which are recharged in the mountains in the east. A thick aquiclude of Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary rocks separates the Judea Group aquifer from the overlying coastal aquifer in the southern Coastal Plain. Isotopically light oxygen and depleted deuterium characterize the Judea Group waters, as expected from high-altitude recharge. The isotopic composition of the Coastal Plain waters is variable, but for the most part enriched in 18O and D. Within the southern Coastal Plain aquifer a southern subgroup comprises waters more depleted in heavy isotopes than those of either the northern or eastern subgroups. The Besor waters are isotopically similar to the Judea Group waters, reflecting their origin in the mountain region, and flow through the surficial river gravels and sands. It is suggested that leakage of the Besor waters into the underlying southern Coastal Plain aquifer results in mixing of the two water types. The most prominent chemical feature characterizing the groundwater of the southern Coastal Plain is Na+Cl− \textgreater 1. This Na+Cl− ratio can be maintained only by a continuous input from a non-marine source of Na. The most plausible source of this Na is the dissolution of feldspar derived from the windblown loess deposits which cover the area and/or leaching of trona minerals found in the unsaturated zone, combined with base-exchange processes. |
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0009-2541 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Magaritz1984 |
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31 |
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Nadler, A.; Magaritz, M.; Mazor, E. |
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Chemical reactions of sea water with rocks and freshwater: Experimental and field observations on brackish waters in Israel |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta |
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44 |
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6 |
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879-886 |
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Four major processes are observed to take place in the coastal aquifer of Israel, detectable even in the short times of water contact with the carbonate-containing host rocks. Three are chemical reactions, Ca2+-Mg2+ exchange, Na+-Ca2+ or Na+-Mg2+ base exchange, SO2−4 reduction and the fourth is dilution by freshwater. These reactions and their effects on the chemical composition of the waters were demonstrated experimentally. The range of chemical changes observed in the laboratory experiments overlap the range of the studied natural waters. This indicates that simulation of geologically long-term rock-water interaction could be achieved in laboratory experiments even at low temperatures. |
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0016-7037 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Nadler1980 |
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33 |
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