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Author |
Bobba, A.G. |
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Title |
Mathematical models for saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
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Water Resources Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
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7 |
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1 |
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3-37 |
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Flow of freshwater and saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers has drawn the attention of many investigators. Several laboratory, as well as mathematical models have been developed to study the pattern of flow of groundwater in coastal aquifers. Mathematical models have wider range of application and are the concern of this paper. Due to the complex nature of the problem, each of these mathematical models are based on certain simplifying assumptions and approximations. This paper presents a critical review of various methods of solution which have been proposed. The validity of the results abtained and the limitations of these models are also discussed. |
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1573-1650 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Bobba.1993 |
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14 |
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Author |
Lu, C.; Xin, P.; Kong, J.; Li, L.; Luo, J. |
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Title |
Analytical solutions of seawater intrusion in sloping confined and unconfined coastal aquifers |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
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Water Resources Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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52 |
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9 |
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6989-7004 |
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seawater intrusion, sloping coastal aquifer, analytical solution |
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Abstract Sloping coastal aquifers in reality are ubiquitous and well documented. Steady state sharp-interface analytical solutions for describing seawater intrusion in sloping confined and unconfined coastal aquifers are developed based on the Dupuit-Forchheimer approximation. Specifically, analytical solutions based on the constant-flux inland boundary condition are derived by solving the discharge equation for the interface zone with the continuity conditions of the head and flux applied at the interface between the freshwater zone and the interface zone. Analytical solutions for the constant-head inland boundary are then obtained by developing the relationship between the inland freshwater flux and hydraulic head and combining this relationship with the solutions of the constant-flux inland boundary. It is found that for the constant-flux inland boundary, the shape of the saltwater interface is independent of the geometry of the bottom confining layer for both aquifer types, despite that the geometry of the bottom confining layer determines the location of the interface tip. This is attributed to that the hydraulic head at the interface is identical to that of the coastal boundary, so the shape of the bed below the interface is irrelevant to the interface position. Moreover, developed analytical solutions with an empirical factor on the density factor are in good agreement with the results of variable-density flow numerical modeling. Analytical solutions developed in this study provide a powerful tool for assessment of seawater intrusion in sloping coastal aquifers as well as in coastal aquifers with a known freshwater flux but an arbitrary geometry of the bottom confining layer. |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Lu.etal.2016 |
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15 |
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Stoeckl, L.; Walther, M.; Morgan, L.K. |
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Title |
Physical and Numerical Modelling of Post-Pumping Seawater Intrusion |
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2019 |
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Geofluids |
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2019 |
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11 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Stoeckl.2019 |
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16 |
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Bouchaou, L.; Michelot, J.L.; Vengosh, A.; Hsissou, Y.; Qurtobi, M.; Gaye, C.B.; Bullen, T.D.; Zuppi, G.M. |
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Application of multiple isotopic and geochemical tracers for investigation of recharge, salinization, and residence time of water in the Souss–Massa aquifer, southwest of Morocco |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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Journal of Hydrology |
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352 |
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3 |
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267-287 |
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Groundwater and surface water in Souss–Massa basin in the west-southern part of Morocco is characterized by a large variation in salinity, up to levels of 37gL−1. The high salinity coupled with groundwater level decline pose serious problems for current irrigation and domestic water supplies as well as future exploitation. A combined hydrogeologic and isotopic investigation using several chemical and isotopic tracers such as Br/Cl, δ18O, δ2H, 3H, 87Sr/86Sr, δ11B, and 14C was carried out in order to determine the sources of water recharge to the aquifer, the origin of salinity, and the residence time of water. Stable isotope, 3H and 14C data indicate that the high Atlas mountains in the northern margin of the Souss–Massa basin with high rainfall and low δ18O and δ2H values (−6 to −8‰ and −36 to −50‰) is currently constitute the major source of recharge to the Souss–Massa shallow aquifer, particularly along the eastern part of the basin. Localized stable isotope enrichments offset meteoric isotopic signature and are associated with high nitrate concentrations, which infer water recycling via water agricultural return flows. The 3H and 14C data suggest that the residence time of water in the western part of the basin is in the order of several thousands of years; hence old water is mined, particularly in the coastal areas. The multiple isotope analyses and chemical tracing of groundwater from the basin reveal that seawater intrusion is just one of multiple salinity sources that affect the quality of groundwater in the Souss–Massa aquifer. We differentiate between modern seawater intrusion, salinization by remnants of seawater entrapped in the middle Souss plains, recharge of nitrate-rich agricultural return flow, and dissolution of evaporate rocks (gypsum and halite minerals) along the outcrops of the high Atlas mountains. The data generated in this study provide the framework for a comprehensive management plan in which water exploitation should shift toward the eastern part of the basin where current recharge occurs with young and high quality groundwater. In contrast, we argued that the heavily exploited aquifer along the coastal areas is more vulnerable given the relatively longer residence time of the water and salinization processes in this part of the aquifer. |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Bouchaou2008 |
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17 |
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Author |
Cardenal, J.; Benavente, J.; Cruz-Sanjulián, J.J. |
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Title |
Chemical evolution of groundwater in Triassic gypsum-bearing carbonate aquifers (Las Alpujarras, southern Spain) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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Journal of Hydrology |
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161 |
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1 |
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3-30 |
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A hydrochemical study employing modelling techniques, was carried out using samples taken at 65 points (springs and wells) in Triassic carbonate aquifers (Lújar-Gádor Unit, Alpujárride Complex, Betic Cordillera). These aquifers are made up of limestones and dolomites with some gypsum scattered or interbedded. Though the area is semi-arid, recharge is relatively high because of their mountainous nature. The carbonate rocks contain dense microfissuration; the groundwater flow regime is predominantly diffuse. The karstic forms are in general poorly developed. Two main hydrochemical processes have been identified in these aquifers. One is incongruent dissolution of dolomite that determines the chemical composition of the less mineralised water. The other is dedolomitisation (dolomite dissolution together with calcite precipitation caused by dissolution of gypsum), which becomes predominant when the flow encounters interbedded gypsum. This reaction is also frequently associated with low temperature thermalism, and can play a part in more intense local karstification (cavities, sinkholes, high transmisivity in wells) observed in the sectors of these aquifers where gypsum is more abundant. A reaction path model has been used to simulate the geochemical processes through a hypothetical aquifer (with similar lithology to the Alpujárride carbonate aquifers). Successive stages of evolution through the carbonate sequence, represented by different saturation states with respect to calcite, dolomite gypsum and CO2, have been modelled and then compared with the field data. |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Cardenal1994 |
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18 |
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