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Petelet-Giraud, E.; Négrel, P.; Aunay, B.; Ladouche, B.; Bailly-Comte, V.; Guerrot, C.; Flehoc, C.; Pezard, P.; Lofi, J.; Dörfliger, N. |
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Coastal groundwater salinization: Focus on the vertical variability in a multi-layered aquifer through a multi-isotope fingerprinting (Roussillon Basin, France) |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Science of The Total Environment |
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566-567 |
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398-415 |
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Groundwater salinization, Coastal aquifer, Roussillon Basin, Isotopes, Westbay System, Barcarès and Canet sites |
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The Roussillon sedimentary Basin (South France) is a complex multi-layered aquifer, close to the Mediterranean Sea facing seasonally increases of water abstraction and salinization issues. We report geochemical and isotopic vertical variability in this aquifer using groundwater sampled with a Westbay System® at two coastal monitoring sites: Barcarès and Canet. The Westbay sampling allows pointing out and explaining the variation of water quality along vertical profiles, both in productive layers and in the less permeable ones where most of the chemical processes are susceptible to take place. The aquifer layers are not equally impacted by salinization, with electrical conductivity ranging from 460 to 43,000μS·cm−1. The δ2H–δ18O signatures show mixing between seawater and freshwater components with long water residence time as evidenced by the lack of contribution from modern water using 3H, 14C and CFCs/SF6. S(SO4) isotopes also evidence seawater contribution but some signatures can be related to oxidation of pyrite and/or organically bounded S. In the upper layers 87Sr/86Sr ratios are close to that of seawater and then increase with depth, reflecting water–rock interaction with argillaceous formations while punctual low values reflect interaction with carbonate. Boron isotopes highlight secondary processes such as adsorption/desorption onto clays in addition to mixings. At the Barcarès site (120m deep), the high salinity in some layers appear to be related neither to present day seawater intrusion, nor to Salses-Leucate lagoonwater intrusion. Groundwater chemical composition thus highlights binary mixing between fresh groundwater and inherited salty water together with cation exchange processes, water–rock interactions and, locally, sedimentary organic matter mineralisation probably enhanced by pyrite oxidation. Finally, combining the results of this study and those of Caballero and Ladouche (2015), we discuss the possible future evolution of this aquifer system under global change, as well as the potential management strategies needed to preserve quantitatively and qualitatively this water resource. |
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0048-9697 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Peteletgiraud2016398 |
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181 |
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Han, D.; Post, V.E.A.; Song, X. |
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Title |
Groundwater salinization processes and reversibility of seawater intrusion in coastal carbonate aquifers |
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2015 |
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Journal of Hydrology |
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531 |
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1067-1080 |
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Seawater intrusion (SWI) has led to salinization of fresh groundwater reserves in coastal areas worldwide and has forced the closure of water supply wells. There is a paucity of well-documented studies that report on the reversal of SWI after the closure of a well field. This study presents data from the coastal carbonate aquifer in northeast China, where large-scale extraction has ceased since 2001 after salinization of the main well field. The physical flow and concomitant hydrogeochemical processes were investigated by analyzing water level and geochemical data, including major ion chemistry and stable water isotope data. Seasonal water table and salinity fluctuations, as well as changes of δ2H–δ18O values of groundwater between the wet and dry season, suggest local meteoric recharge with a pronounced seasonal regime. Historical monitoring testifies of the reversibility of SWI in the carbonate aquifer, as evidenced by a decrease of the Cl− concentrations in groundwater following restrictions on groundwater abstraction. This is attributed to the rapid flushing in this system where flow occurs preferentially along karst conduits, fractures and fault zones. The partially positive correlation between δ18O values and TDS concentrations of groundwater, as well as high NO3− concentrations (\textgreater39mg/L), suggest that irrigation return flow is a significant recharge component. Therefore, the present-day elevated salinities are more likely due to agricultural activities rather than SWI. Nevertheless, seawater mixing with fresh groundwater cannot be ruled out in particular where formerly intruded seawater may still reside in immobile zones of the carbonate aquifer. The massive expansion of fish farming in seawater ponds in the coastal zone poses a new risk of salinization. Cation exchange, carbonate dissolution, and fertilizer application are the dominant processes further modifying the groundwater composition, which is investigated quantitatively using hydrogeochemical models. |
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Elsevier |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Han2015 |
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24 |
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Cary, L.; Petelet-Giraud, E.; Bertrand, G.; Kloppmann, W.; Aquilina, L.; Martins, V.; Hirata, R.; Montenegro, S.M.G.L.; Pauwels, H.; Chatton, E.; Franzen, Melissa; Aurouet, A.; Lasseur, E.; Picot-Colbeaux, G.; Guerrot, C.; Fléhoc, C.; Labasque, T.; Santos, Jeane Glaucia; Paiva, Anderson L.R.; Braibant, G.; Pierre, D. |
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Origins and processes of groundwater salinization in the urban coastal aquifers of Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil): a multi-isotope approach |
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2015 |
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Science of the Total Environment |
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530-531 |
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411-429 |
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Salinization origins; Salinization processes; Groundwater; Coastal aquifer; Strontium isotopes; Boron isotopes; Recife; Brazil |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ cary:hal-01161949 |
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85 |
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Hussain*, M.S.; Javadi, A.A.; Asr, A.A.; Farmani, R. |
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A surrogate model for simulation-optimization of aquifer systems subjected to seawater intrusion |
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2015 |
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J. Hydrol. |
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523 |
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542-554 |
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CUT @ phaedon.kyriakidis @ hussain2015 |
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114 |
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Han, D.M.; Song, X.F.; Currell, M.J.; Yang, J.L.; Xiao, G.Q. |
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Chemical and isotopic constraints on evolution of groundwater salinization in the coastal plain aquifer of Laizhou Bay, China |
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2014 |
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Journal of Hydrology |
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508 |
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12-27 |
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Laizhou Bay, Coastal aquifers, Groundwater hydrochemistry, Stable isotopes, Saltwater intrusion |
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Summary A hydrochemical-isotopic investigation of the Laizhou Bay Quaternary aquifer in north China provides new insights into the hydrodynamic and geochemical relationships between freshwater, seawater and brine at different depths in coastal sediments. Saltwater intrusion mainly occurs due to two cones of depression caused by concentrated exploitation of fresh groundwater in the south, and brine water for salt production in the north. Groundwater is characterized by hydrochemical zonation of water types (ranging from Ca–HCO3 to Na–Cl) from south to north, controlled by migration and mixing of saline water bodies with the regional groundwater. The strong adherence of the majority of ion/Cl ratios to mixing lines between freshwater and saline water end-members (brine or seawater) indicates the importance of mixing under natural and/or anthropogenic influences. Examination of the groundwater stable isotope δ18O and δ2H values (between −9.5‰ and −3.0‰ and −75‰ and −40‰, respectively) and chloride contents (∼2 to 1000meq/L) of the groundwater indicate that the saline end-member is brine rather than seawater, and most groundwater samples plot on mixing trajectories between fresh groundwater (δ18O of between −6.0‰ and −9.0‰; Cl<5meq/L) and sampled brines (δ18O of approximately −3.0‰ and Cl>1000meq/L). Locally elevated Na/Cl ratios likely result from ion exchange in areas of long-term freshening. The brines, with radiocarbon activities of ∼30 to 60 pMC likely formed during the Holocene as a result of the sequence of transgression-regression and evaporation; while deep, fresh groundwater with depleted stable isotopic values (δ18O=−9.7‰ and δ2H=−71‰) and low radiocarbon activity (<20 pMC) was probably recharged during a cooler period in the late Pleistocene, as is common throughout northern China. An increase in the salinity and tritium concentration in some shallow groundwater sampled in the 1990s and re-sampled here indicates that intensive brine extraction has locally resulted in rapid mixing of young, fresh groundwater and saline brine. The δ18O and δ2H values of brines (∼−3.0‰ and −35‰) are much lower than that of modern seawater, which could be explained by 1) mixing of original (δ18O enriched) brine that was more saline than presently observed, with fresh groundwater recharged by precipitation and/or 2) dilution of the palaeo-seawater with continental runoff prior to and/or during brine formation. The first mechanism is supported by relatively high Br/Cl molar ratios (1.7×10−3–2.5×10−3) in brine water compared with ∼1.5×10−3 in seawater, which could indicate that the brines originally reached halite saturation and were subsequently diluted with fresher groundwater over the long-term. Decreasing 14C activities with increasing sampling depth and increasing proximity to the coastline indicate that the south coastal aquifer in Laizhou Bay is dominated by regional lateral flow, on millennial timescales. |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Han201412 |
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174 |
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