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Glavas, S.; Moschonas, N. |
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Origin of observed acidic–alkaline rains in a wet-only precipitation study in a Mediterranean coastal site, Patras, Greece |
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2002 |
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Atmospheric Environment |
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36 |
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19 |
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3089-3099 |
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THL @ luqianxue.zhang @ glavas2002origin |
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91 |
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Author |
Vengosh, A.; Spivack, A.J.; Artzi, Y.; Ayalon, A. |
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Title |
Geochemical and boron, strontium, and oxygen isotopic constraints on the origin of the salinity in groundwater from the Mediterranean coast of Israel |
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Year |
1999 |
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Water Resources Research |
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35 |
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6 |
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1877-1894 |
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In order to identify the origin of the salinity and formation of saline plumes in the central part of the Mediterranean coastal aquifer of Israel, we determined the elemental and boron, strontium, and oxygen isotopic compositions of fresh and brackish groundwater (C1 up to 1500 mg/L). We distinguish between two key anthropogenic sources: (1) sewage effluents used for irrigation with high Na/C1, SO4/C1, and B/C1 ratios and low Br/C1 ratios relative to seawater ratios, low ;5•B values (0-10%o) and high ;5•80 values (>-4%0); and (2) imported water from the Sea of Galilee that is artificially
recharged tothe aquifer with high Br/C1 (3 x 10 -3) and ;5•80 values (-1%o) and a low 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.70753. The brackish groundwater from the saline plumes have relatively low Na/C1 ratios (0.5-0.8) and high Ca/Mg, Mg/C1, and Ca/(SO 4 q- HCO3) (> l) ratios relative to seawater ratios; marine SO4/C1 and Br/C1 ratios;5•B values of 24.8-49.9%0; 18 87 86 ;50 of -2.95%0 to -4.73%0; and Sr/ Sr ratios of 0.708275-0.708532. The composition of most of the investigated groundwater from the saline plumes differs from those of the 87 86 anthropogenic sources, imported water, fresh uncontaminated groundwater (Sr/ Sr of 0.70866, ;5•B of 20-30%o), and saline water from the adjacent Eocene aquitard. Only in ß 18 areas of artificial recharge does local groundwater have high Br/C1 and ;50 values that are typical to the Sea of Galilee. The linear relationships between chloride and most of the ions, including Band Sr, the relatively high ;5•B (>30%0) and low ;5•80 (<-4%0) values, and the chemical signature of the saline plumes (e.g., marine Br/C1 and SO4/C1 ratios), suggest that (1) mixing processes control the chemical composition of the brackish water within the aquifer, and (2) the saline postulated end-member has a chemical composition that resembles modified seawater with a marine and higher ;5•B values, and a 87Sr/86Sr ratio of <0.7083. We propose that most of the salinization phenomena and the formation of saline plumes in the inner parts of the coastal aquifer are derived from upconing of underlying natural saline water bodies and enhanced by overexploitation and draw-down of the overlying fresh groundwater. |
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Wiley Online Library |
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THL @ luqianxue.zhang @ vengosh1999geochemical |
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62 |
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Johnson, J.S.; Baker, L.A.; Fox, P. |
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Geochemical transformations during artificial groundwater recharge: soil–water interactions of inorganic constituents |
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1999 |
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Water research |
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33 |
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1 |
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196-206 |
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Elsevier |
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THL @ luqianxue.zhang @ johnson1999geochemical |
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66 |
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Author |
Liu, Y.; Jin, M.; Wang, J. |
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Title |
Insights into groundwater salinization from hydrogeochemical and isotopic evidence in an arid inland basin |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
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Hydrological Processes |
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32 |
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20 |
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3108-3127 |
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deuterium excess, groundwater salinization, Northwest China, Manas River basin, stable isotopes |
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Abstract In the Manas River basin (MRB), groundwater salinization has become a major concern, impeding groundwater use considerably. Isotopic and hydrogeochemical characteristics of 73 groundwater and 11 surface water samples from the basin were analysed to determine the salinization process and potential sources of salinity. Groundwater salinity ranged from 0.2 to 11.91 g/L, and high salinities were generally located in the discharge area, arable land irrigated by groundwater, and depression cone area. The quantitative contributions of the evaporation effect were calculated, and the various groundwater contributions of transpiration, mineral dissolution, and agricultural irrigation were identified using hydrogeochemical diagrams and δD and δ18O compositions of the groundwater and surface water samples. The average evaporation contribution ratios to salinity were 5.87% and 32.7% in groundwater and surface water, respectively. From the piedmont plain to the desert plain, the average groundwater loss by evaporation increased from 7% to 29%. However, the increases in salinity by evaporation were small according to the deuterium excess signals. Mineral dissolution, transpiration, and agricultural irrigation activities were the major causes of groundwater salinization. Isotopic information revealed that river leakage quickly infiltrated into aquifers in the piedmont area with weak evaporation effects. The recharge water interacted with the sediments and dissolved minerals and subsequently increased the salinity along the flow path. In the irrigation land, shallow groundwater salinity and Cl− concentrations increased but not δ18O, suggesting that both the leaching of soil salts due to irrigation and transpiration effect dominated in controlling the hydrogeochemistry. Depleted δ18O and high Cl− concentrations in the middle and deep groundwater revealed the combined effects of mixing with paleo-water and mineral dissolution with a long residence time. These results could contribute to the management of groundwater sources and future utilization programs in the MRB and similar areas. |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ doi:10.1002/hyp.13243 |
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178 |
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Hanshaw, B.B.; Back, W. |
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Title |
Deciphering hydrological systems by means of geochemical processes |
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1985 |
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Hydrological Sciences Journal |
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30 |
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2 |
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257-271 |
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The distribution of permeability and chemical character of groundwater in carbonate aquifers is significantly influenced by the many diagenetic processes
and reactions that occur in the early development of these rocks. Many of these diagenetic processes occur in the transition zone formed as the carbonate sediments emerge from the marine environment and become fresh-water aquifers. Analyses of trace elements and isotopes
indicate that calcite cements and dolomites are formed in this groundwater mixing zone. Reverse reactions such as mineral dissolution and dedolomitization occur in carbonate aquifer systems. The geochemical reactivity of the fresh-water/salt-water mixing zone results from the nonlinearity of geochemical parameters as a function of ionic strength and causes extensive dissolution in coastal carbonate rocks. Interpretation of geochemical reactions and isotopic composition of groundwater provides a method to determine hydrological parameters
such as porosity, hydraulic conductivity, and groundwater flow rates. This geochemical method is largely independent of the more conventional approach of determining these parameters by an evaluation of physical properties of aquifer systems. |
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0262-6667 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Hanshaw1985 |
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25 |
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