@Article{Wigley+Plummer1976,
author="Wigley, T. M. L.
and Plummer, L. N.",
title="Mixing of carbonate waters",
journal="Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta",
year="1976",
volume="40",
number="9",
pages="989--995",
abstract="When mineral solutions of different compositions are mixed, the molalities and activities of individual ions in the mixture are often non-linear functions of their end-member values. This non-linearity is particularly significant in determining mineral saturation levels. Mixtures of saturated solutions may be either undersaturated or supersaturated depending on the end-member compositions and the physical conditions in which end-members and their mixtures exist. In carbonate solutions important non-linear effects occur due to redistribution of carbonate species. In extreme cases this causes mixture pH to be below both the end-member pH values. A simple but precise computer program (WATMIX) has been developed for calculating mixture composition for closed and open system mixing of arbitrary end-members. A number of mixing examples are considered which allow one to isolate three important processes leading to non-linear behaviour: the algebraic effect, the $\delta$PCO2 effect, and the ionic strength effect.",
optnote="exported from refbase (http://www.uhydro.de/refbase/show.php?record=40), last updated on Wed, 18 Mar 2020 09:33:43 +0100",
issn="0016-7037",
doi="10.1016/0016-7037(76)90041-7"
}