%0 Journal Article
%T Mixing of carbonate waters
%A Wigley, T. M. L.
%A Plummer, L. N.
%J Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
%D 1976
%V 40
%N 9
%@ 0016-7037
%F Wigley+Plummer1976
%O exported from refbase (http://www.uhydro.de/refbase/show.php?record=40), last updated on Wed, 18 Mar 2020 09:33:43 +0100
%X When mineral solutions of different compositions are mixed, the molalities and activities of individual ions in the mixture are often non-linear functions of their end-member values. This non-linearity is particularly significant in determining mineral saturation levels. Mixtures of saturated solutions may be either undersaturated or supersaturated depending on the end-member compositions and the physical conditions in which end-members and their mixtures exist. In carbonate solutions important non-linear effects occur due to redistribution of carbonate species. In extreme cases this causes mixture pH to be below both the end-member pH values. A simple but precise computer program (WATMIX) has been developed for calculating mixture composition for closed and open system mixing of arbitrary end-members. A number of mixing examples are considered which allow one to isolate three important processes leading to non-linear behaviour: the algebraic effect, the [delta]PCO2 effect, and the ionic strength effect.
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(76)90041-7
%P 989-995